BRABHSÁIL

Ordlathas

contae

barúntacht

paróiste dlí

baile fearainn

baileparóiste dlíbaile fearainn
Bré
ginideach: Bhré
ainm deimhnithe (Cad é seo?)
(Gaeilge)
Bray
(Béarla)

Ordlathas

contae

barúntacht

paróiste dlí

Nóta mínithe

  • Gaeilge

    Is baile, paróiste dlí agus baile fearainn é Bré i gCo. Chill Mhantáin. Tá dhá bhaile fearainn eile ann atá ainmnithe as Bré, eadhón Coimín Bhré agus Bré Beag. Tá Bré Beag, mar aon le cuid de Choimín Bhré, suite ar bhruach thuaidh na Deargaile. I gCo. Bhaile Átha Cliath a bhí an talamh sin go dtí gur aistríodh é de thoradh Acht Rialtais Áitiúil na bliana 1898 go Co. Chill Mhantáin. Seo mar a d’aithnítí líomatáiste Bhré lastuaidh den abhainn ón gceantar theas i gcáipéisí Stáit, little Brey (bliain 1566 m.sh.) agus Moche Bree (1538). Is ón logainm bunaidh céanna a dhíorthaigh Ceann Bré chomh maith le Bray River (= Bray water 1655c), an t-ainm a bhí ar an Deargail tráth. Go deimhin níor éirigh le Liam Price ina shaothar The Place-Names of Co. Wicklow ainm abhann na Deargaile a rianú níos faide siar ná an t-ochtú haois déag. Ainm gleanna ba ea é ó cheart.

    Maítear ar uairibh gur Brí Chualann / Cualann ainm Gaeilge Bray. Dealraíonn sé nach sine an fhoirm Ghaeilge sin ná tosach an fichiú haois. Thug Seosamh Laoide aitheantas do Brí Cualann sa leagan Béarla-Gaeilge dá ghasaitéar, Post-Sheanchas ina bhfuil cúigí, dúithchí, conntaethe agus bailte puist na hÉireann a cuireadh i gcló sa bhliain 1905. Sa leagan Gaeilge-Béarla den Post-Sheanchas a cuireadh i gcló an chéad uair sa bhliain 1911, mhol an Laoideach dhá fhoirm Ghaeilge an babhta seo, Brí Chualann agus Brí. Brí Cualann a mhol Risteárd Ó Foghludha sa ghasaitéar s’aigesean, Logainmneacha .i. [A] Dictionary of Irish Placenames (bliain 1935). Thug an tAthair Pádraig Ó Duinnín aitheantas do Brí Cualann chomh maith ina fhoclóir Gaeilge-Béarla (eagrán 1927) faoin bhfocal brí, 'a hill'. Ainm dúthaí ársa is ea Cuala (ginideach Cualann). Toisc gur theastaigh ón Laoideach seanainmneacha na ndúthaí a chur in ionad ainmneacha na gcontaetha a bhunaigh na Gaill, b’fhéidir gurbh eisean a shocraigh ar Cuala a chur leis an logainm.

    Brí na Gaeilge atá taobh thiar den logainm Bray. Is focal ársa ar chnoc é brí atá caomhnaithe i logainmneacha, ar nós Brí Mhór lastuaidh de Bhaile Brigín i gCo. Bhaile Átha Cliath nó Brí Ois atá cóngarach do bhaile Thiobraid Árann i gCo. Thiobraid Árann agus a chiallaíonn cnoc an fhia. Bhí P. W. Joyce, údar Irish Names of Places, ar dhuine díobhsan a mheas gurbh fhoirm eile de *Brí é Bray. 'Bri [bree]', a scríobh sé sa chéad imleabhar dá shaothar iomráiteach, 'signifies a hill or rising-ground ... Bray, which is the name of several places in Ireland, is another form of the same word. Bray in Wicklow is called Bree in old church records and other documents'.

    Le bheith cruinn, faightear idir Bre agus Bree i ndoiciméid Stáit agus eaglasta de chuid an tríú haois déag. Is é foirm is sine áfach sna taifid úd ná Bre (féach samplaí stairiúla den logainm i The Place-Names of Co. Wicklow). Níl na foirmeacha traslitrithe sin ag freagairt do Brí na Gaeilge áfach. Cuimhnimis nár tharla an t-athrú suaithinseach i bhfuaimniú na ngutaí fada sa Bhéarla ar a dtugtar an 'great vowel shift' go dtí an cúigiú haois déag meastar. De thoradh an athruithe sin, ardaíodh guta fada [ē] an tSean- agus an Mheán-Bhéarla go dtí [i] i bhfocail ar nós fēt / feet, sē / see.

    Tá samplaí le fáil den logainm atá faoi chaibidil, de réir dealraimh, i ndán Gaeilge a cumadh i dtosach an deichiú haois faoi rithe Laighean. Breä, logainm déshiollach, a bhí sa dán úd (féach Foclóir Stairiúil Áitainmneacha na Gaeilge: Ainmneacha i B). Faightear an logainm Dún mBrea sa Dindshenchas a cuireadh i dtoll a chéile ina dhiaidh sin. I gCríoch Cualann a bhí an dún úd de réir an Dinnseanchais chéanna, mar a raibh inbhear agus 'ard-ler' (nó farraige). Tá tagairt luath chomh maith i litríocht na Gaeilge do Dún Bré.

    In eagrán 19 Aibréan 1927 den Irish Times, foilsíodh litir leis an Ollamh Osborn Bergin inar mhínigh sé nach raibh aon bhunús stairiúil leis an leagan Brí Chualann. Siod é clabhsúr na litreach, 'To sum up, Middle Irish scholars knew of a place called Dún Bré, at the mouth of a river in a district comprising the southern part of County Dublin and the northern part of County Wicklow ... The identification seems obvious [i.e. with Bray]. I do not know of any old authority for the name Brí Chualann'.

    Ba é tuairim Liam Price, údar a lán aistí agus sraith leabhar faoi logainmneacha Co. Chill Mhantáin, gurbh ainm ar abhainn na Deargaile é Bré ó bhunús. Mhíneodh sin cén chúis a nglaotar Loch Bré ar an loch ina n-éiríonn géag d'abhainn na Deargaile. Bíodh an focal scoir ag Liam Price as an aiste 'The name of Bray' a foilsíodh in Éigse (imleabhar IV): 'To sum up, Brea and Bré seem to be the early forms of the name Bray ... it does not seem likely that it represents the word brí, 'a hill'; and it is possible that it is an old river name'.

  • English

    Bray is the name of a town, a civil parish and a townland in Co. Wicklow. There are two further townlands whose names are derived from Bray, namely Bray Commons and Little Bray. Little Bray and a portion of Bray Commons are situated on the northern side of the Dargle River. This area formed part of Co. Dublin until it was transferred to Co. Wicklow under the Local Government (Ireland) Act of 1898. The portion of Bray situated north of the river and the southern part were distinguished in State documents in the following manner, little Brey (an example dated 1566) and Moche Bree (1538). Both Bray Head and Bray River, which was formerly the name of the Dargle River (= Bray water 1655c), are also derived from the same underlying placename. In fact the earliest reference recorded by Liam Price in The Place-Names of Co. Wicklow to the River Dargle dates from the eighteenth century. That particular name originally referred to a valley.

    Brí Chualann / Cualann is sometimes claimed to be the Irish name of Bray. It would seem that this Irish name does not pre-date the beginning of the twentieth century. Brí Cualann appeared in print in the English-Irish version of a gazetteer by Seosamh Laoide entitled Post-Sheanchas ina bhfuil cúigí, dúithchí, conntaethe agus bailte puist na hÉireann which was published in 1905. In the Irish-English version of Post-Sheanchas which was first published in 1911, Laoide recommended two Irish forms of the name, Brí Chualann and Brí. Risteárd Ó Foghludha subsequently recommended Brí Cualann in another gazetteer entitled, Logainmneacha .i. [A] Dictionary of Irish Placenames (published in 1935). Brí Cualann was also used by Rev. Patrick S. Dinneen in his Irish-English Dictionary (1927 edition) as an example of the word brí, ‘a hill’. Cuala (genitive Cualann) is an ancient territorial name. As Laoide wished to replace the names of the counties which had been established by the English with old territorial names, he may have decided to add Cuala as specific element to the name.

    Be that as it may, Bray doesn’t derive from Irish Brí. Brí is an old Irish word meaning ‘hill’ which is still preserved in various placenames, such as Bremore / Brí Mhór north of Balbriggan in Co. Dublin or Bruis / Brí Ois, near Tipperary town in Co. Tipperary, which means ‘hill of (the) deer’. The author of Irish Names of Places, P. W. Joyce, was amongst those who regarded Bray as a version of *Brí. In the first volume of his famous toponymic work, Joyce stated that 'Bri [bree] signifies a hill or rising-ground ... Bray, which is the name of several places in Ireland, is another form of the same word. Bray in Wicklow is called Bree in old church records and other documents'.

    To be precise, both Bre and Bree are recorded in State and ecclesiastical documents dating to the thirteenth century. Bre is the earlier of the two recorded forms (see historical examples of the placename in The Place-Names of Co. Wicklow). These transliterated forms do not correspond to Irish Brí. It is worth remembering that the so-called great vowel shift – a noteworthy sound change which effected long vowels in English – did not occur until the fifteenth century probably. As a result of this sound change, the long vowel [ē] of Old and Middle English was raised in its articulation to [i] in words such as fēt / feet, sē / see.

    The placename under discussion is referred to (seemingly) in an Irish poem on the kings of Leinster which was composed in the early tenth century. The placename, Breä, was disyllabic in that particular composition (see Historical Dictionary of Gaelic Placenames: Names in B). The name Dún mBrea is recorded, somewhat later, in the Dindshenchas, which is a body of literature in verse and prose form on the origin of famous places. This particular dún (‘fort’) was located in the territory of Cuala, according to the Dindshenchas, which further referred to ‘a noble sea’ (ard-ler) and ‘a river-mouth’ (inber). There is also an early reference in Irish literature to Dún Bré.

    A letter by Professor Osborn Bergin which was published in the Irish Times on the 19th of April 1927, explained that the name Brí Chualann wasn’t of historical origin. In conclusion, the professor wrote: 'To sum up, Middle Irish scholars knew of a place called Dún Bré, at the mouth of a river in a district comprising the southern part of County Dublin and the northern part of County Wicklow ... The identification seems obvious [i.e. with Bray]. I do not know of any old authority for the name Brí Chualann'.

    Liam Price, who was the author of many articles and of a series of books about Wicklow placenames suggested that Bré was in origin the name of the Dargle River. This would explain why Lough Bray / Loch Bré, from which a tributary of the Dargle River flows, is so-called. I leave the final word to Price, from an article of his entitled 'The name of Bray' which was published in the journal Éigse (volume IV): 'To sum up, Brea and Bré seem to be the early forms of the name Bray ... it does not seem likely that it represents the word brí, 'a hill'; and it is possible that it is an old river name'.

Lárphointe

53.2021, -6.10499domhanleithead, domhanfhad
Eangach na hÉireann (le litir)
Á ríomh...
Eangach na hÉireann (gan litir)
Á ríomh...
Trasteilgean Mercator na hÉireann (ITM)
Á ríomh...

Tagairtí stairiúla

1186
Bree
Alen's Reg.
1207
Bre
CDI
1229
Bre
CDI
1234
Bre
CDI
1280
Bre
Crede Mihi
1284
Bray
CDI
1284
Rents of Bray ... The burgage of Bray
CDI
1290
Bree
CDI
1292
Bray
CDI
1294
Bray
CDI
1295
Bre
CDI
1295c
Deanery of Brec … Church of Bree
CCCD
1297
Bree
CJR
1299
lands of Bree
CDI
1302
Of rent of Bray
CDI
1302-6
Deanery de Bree
CDI
1308
Bree
CJR
1311
Extenta Manerii de Bree
RBO Leathanach: (25) 24
1314
Brey
Bk. Howth
1327
De Breo
Bk. Howth
1334
Bree
RPat. Cl.
1355
Bree
RPat. Cl.
1385
le Bree
(Willi Laweles, Nic' Carragh Lasweles, Sim' Laweles … Jac̃o … le Bree… Wil' Archibold…) 124
RPat. Cl.
1401
Bree
Ann. Dub.
1401
Dirrhi and Bree
CPL
1407
Bree
COD Foilsitheoir: ii, Leathanach: 280
1436
CAPITE DE Bree usq' aquam del Namy?
RPat. Cl.
1440
Bree
in Conagh, Raulynestoun and Clementestoun by Bree, Co. Dublin (John Martyn, chaplain, John Cradok, chaplain, and Laurence Broun, chaplain appoint Nicholas son of Richard, clerk their attorney to enter in their name all the messuages etc …) Uimh. 439 Lch.180
Dowd. D
1451
le Bree
RPat. Cl.
1461c
en Bre en le Counte de diuelin
Statute Rolls Ire. Ed. IV
1473
Bree
Alen's Reg.
1531
Bree
Alen's Reg.
1533
Bree
1533 Ecclesia de Bree ... ex fotacione familie de Archesboldes... vocaturque ipsa alias ab antiquo ecclesia parochialis de Derichat cum capellis dependentibus ... Kilmehud. 202
Rep. Vir.
1536-7
Moche Bree and Litle Bree…
Livery of seisin of the manors and lands of… to Gerald Archebolde, son and heir of Patrick archebolde, late of Moche Bree, gent.
CPCR
1540
Brey
Ir. Mon. Poss. Leathanach: 124
1548
Bree
F Alt: 157
1550c
Braye
F Alt: 560
1564
Bree
F
1574
Bree
F
1576
Braye
F
1581
Bray
F
1592
Bray
CSPI
1598
Bray
Descr. Ir.
1599c
Breemore
Boazio Map
1609
Greatbreye ows Great Bree
CPR Leathanach: 141
1609
Great Bree & Little Bree
CPR Leathanach: 159
1611
Brea
CPR Leathanach: 208
1611
Brey
Cal. Carew
1621
Great & Little Brea
CPR Leathanach: 513
1621
Bree als. Brae
CPR Leathanach: 527
1623
Brea
CPR Leathanach: 583
1626
Great Brey, alias Bree
CPCR
1628
the manors of Great and Little Bray
For the making of a grant to the Earl of Meath of ... and all other lands as shall be found to belong to Edward Arohbould and his ancestors in the co. Wicklow and elsewhere in Ireland. CI (1625-32) 321
CSP CI
1636
great Brea
Inq. Lag. Alt: 19 C I
1641
Bray ...
(fol.57r) 27
Dep. 1641
1642
Brew
(fol.141v) 98
Dep. 1641
1642
Bray
Dep. 1641
1653
Great Bray
Dep. 1641
1653
the Towne of Bray
Dep. 1641
1653
the towne of Great Bray ... the said towne of Bray
Dep. 1641
1654
Brey … to the river of Brey
CS VII
1663-4
Brea
CSP C II
1664
Great Brea
CSP C II
1666
Great Bray
ASE
1668
Bray ... Great Bray
HMR (CM) Leathanach: 167
1668
Bray
Dublin Wills
1685c
Bray
Hib. Del.
1708
Big Bray
Dublin Wills
1713
Great Bray
Dublin Wills
1717
Kilarny in Great Bray ... all that part of Great Bray ... called ...
CGn.
1728
Great Bray
Dublin Wills
1741
? ó Bhreitheamh
< 'Cath Bearna Chroise Brighde'
ZCP Imleabhar: 38, Leathanach: 294
1747
Brey
Dublin Wills
1756
Brey
Dublin Wills
1760
Bray
Nevill 1760
1765
Great Bray
Dublin Wills
1772
Great Bray
Dublin Wills
1797
Great Bray
Dublin Wills
1809
Bray
Scale's Atlas
1821
Bray
Duncan
1910
D[ún]. bré Ib. ii. 289; ¶ (Bray Head), Lu. 16; ¶ D. mBrea mic Senboith Saeruill; ¶ i Crích Cualand, SE. of Dublin, Ll. 194, Pd. 56, viii, 38; ¶ Brea mac Senbotha in cetna fear lasa ndearnad teach 7 coiri 7 comrac éinfhir, isé conachgab D. mBrea 7 Inbir nDuccad 7 is and ro hadhnacht, I. 151 a, Sa. 22 a, 86 a; ¶ D. B. in Uib Briuin Cualand, Ll. 169 a, b, Bb. 196 b; ¶ D. mBrea, Bray, c. Wick., Rc. xv. 330; ¶ the Dun appears to be traceable on the S. bank of the r. just W. of Bray Bridge; ¶ a Dighna Eireann, I. 143 a; ¶ Brea built D. Cearma or D. B., Lec. 462, Lbl. 430.
Onom. Goed.

Aire: Cáipéisíocht áirithe chartlainne de chuid an Bhrainse Logainmneacha í seo. Léirítear anseo cuid de réimse thaighde an Bhrainse Logainmneacha ar an logainm seo thar na blianta. D'fhéadfadh sé nach taifead iomlán é agus nach bhfuil aon rangú in ord bailíochta déanta ar an bhfianaise atá ann. Is ar an tuiscint seo atá an t-ábhar seo á chur ar fáil don phobal.

Is féidir leas a bhaint as an ábhar cartlainne agus taighde atá curtha ar fáil ar an suíomh seo ach an fhoinse a admháil. Ní mór scríobh chuig logainm@dcu.ie chun cead athfhoilsithe nó saincheisteanna eile maidir le ceadanna nó cóipcheart a phlé.

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